Immunisation stands as one of Bangladesh’s proudest public health achievements, and Dhaka city shines brightly on this path. Researchers recently studied the trends and gender patterns of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) among children aged 0-23 months across the city — and the results paint an inspiring picture of progress.

Analysing data from over 5,000 young children, the study focused on six key vaccines: BCG, Pentavalent, PCV, OPV, IPV, and MR. The findings reveal a steady and encouraging vaccination journey, with patterns reflecting both dedication from health workers and trust from families.

BCG vaccination, protecting against tuberculosis, showed a healthy balance with 53.4% male and 46.6% female coverage. Monthly trends shifted slightly, showing that Dhaka’s immunisation services reached boys and girls alike throughout the year.

The multi-dose Pentavalent vaccine (protecting against Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Hepatitis B, and Hib) revealed a fascinating pattern. Boys often led in early doses, but by later doses, the gap narrowed significantly, suggesting that Bangladesh’s vaccination efforts are achieving real gender equity over time.

Similarly, PCV (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine) and OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine) doses also showed boys slightly ahead in early months, but girls caught up beautifully as time went on. Particularly inspiring was the MR (Measles-Rubella) vaccine performance, where in several months, girls outpaced boys — a positive step for ensuring every child is protected.

A key strength highlighted by the researchers was the major role played by local government facilities. They delivered between 65% to 80% of vaccinations across different vaccines. This means that community-based services are making vaccines more accessible and easier for families to reach, a major win for equitable healthcare.

The researchers concluded that while some natural differences exist across vaccines and months, overall, Dhaka’s child immunisation program is moving strongly towards full coverage and gender equity. With continued outreach and strong community programs, Bangladesh is setting a shining example for achieving health for all.

As part of the Country Learning Hub’s mission, these results show that building strong, inclusive immunisation services is not just a dream — it is happening today, in the heart of Dhaka.

Reference:
Saha, S.; Khandaker, M. A.; Sharma, A.; Islam, M. R. (2025). Trends and Gender Patterns of Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) Vaccination among Children in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Researchgate.net. [cited 2025 Apr 26]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/390203806_Trends_and_Gender_Patterns_of_Expanded_Program_on_Immunization_EPI_Vaccination_among_Children_in_Dhaka